RIP
version 1 uses only classful routing, which means that all devices in the
network must use the same subnet mask. This is because RIP version 1 doesn’t
send updates with subnet mask information in tow. RIP version 2 provides
something called prefix routing and does send subnet mask information with the
route updates. This is called classless routing. RIP uses four kinds of timers
to regulate its performances:
Route update timer: Sets the interval (typically 30 seconds)
between periodic routing updates in which the router sends a complete copy of
its routing table out to all neighbors.
Route invalid timer: Determines the length of time that must elapse
(180 seconds) before a router determine that a route has become invalid. It
will come to this conclusion if it hasn’t heard any update about a particular
route for that period. When that happens, the router will send out updates to
all its neighbors letting them know that the route is invalid.
Holddown timer:
This sets the amount of time during which routing information is suppressed.
Routes will enter into the Holddown state when an update packet is received
that indicated the route is unreachable. This continues either until an update
packet is received with a better metric or until the holddown timer expires.
The default is 180 seconds.
Route flush timer: Sets the time between a route becoming
invalid and its removal from the routing table (120 seconds). Before it’s
removed from the table, the router notifies its neighbors of that route’s
impending demise. This gives the router enough time to tell its neighbors about
the invalid route before the local routing table is updated. See how to configure RIP
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